|
Preceding and Plural Adjectives
|
Masculine |
Feminine |
| Adjective |
Singular |
Plural |
Pronunciation |
Singular |
Plural |
Pronunciation |
| beautiful |
beau (bel) |
beaux |
boh (bell) |
belle |
belles |
bell |
| good |
bon |
bons |
bon |
bonne |
bonnes |
bon |
| dear |
cher |
chers |
share |
chère |
chères |
share |
| nice |
gentil |
gentils |
zhawn-tee |
gentille |
gentilles |
zhawn-tee |
| big |
grand |
grands |
grawn |
grande |
grandes |
grawnd |
| large |
gros |
gros |
groh |
grosse |
grosses |
grohss |
| young |
jeune |
jeunes |
zhun |
jeune |
jeunes |
zhun |
| pretty |
joli |
jolis |
zho-lee |
jolie |
jolies |
zho-lee |
| long |
long |
longs |
lohn |
longue |
longues |
lohng |
| bad |
mauvais |
mauvais |
mo-vay |
mauvaise |
mauvaises |
mo-vezz |
| better, best |
meilleur |
meilleurs |
may-ur |
meilleure |
meilleures |
may-ur |
| new |
nouveau (nouvel) |
nouveaux |
noo-voh (noo-vell) |
nouvelle |
nouvelles |
noo-vell |
| little |
petit |
petits |
puh-tee |
petite |
petites |
puh-teet |
| old |
vieux (vieil) |
vieux |
vyuh (vyay) |
vieille |
vieilles |
vyay |
Note: The masculine singular and plural are pronounced the same, as are the feminine singular and plural. These are the most common adjectives that go before the noun. An acronym to remember which ones go before the noun is BRAGS: Beauty, Resemblance (même and autre), Age/Order (premier and dernier), Goodness, and Size. All other adjectives, except numbers, go after the noun. The three words in parentheses (bel, nouvel, and vieil) are used before masculine singular words beginning with a vowel or a silent h.
A few adjectives can be used before or after the noun, and the meaning changes accordingly. When used before the noun, they take a figurative meaning; and when used after, they take a literal meaning.
Remember that des means some, right? Well, there is an exception to that rule too. Before plural adjectives preceding plural nouns, you use de instead of des. Ex: Some old monuments. De vieux monuments.
Adjectives: Feminine
All adjectives must agree in number and gender with the noun they modify. Most adjectives are given in the masculine form, so to change to the feminine forms, follow these rules:
|
Masculine |
Feminine |
Adjective |
| Add -e |
brun |
brahn |
brune |
brunn |
brown |
|
fatigué |
fah-tee-gay |
fatiguée |
fah-tee-gay |
tired |
| If it already ends in -e, add nothing |
jeune |
zhun |
jeune |
zhun |
young |
| -x changes to -se |
généreux |
zhay-nay-ruh |
généreuse |
zhay-nay-ruhs |
generous |
Exceptions: |
faux |
foh |
fausse |
fohss |
false |
|
roux |
roo |
rousse |
rooss |
red (hair) |
|
doux |
doo |
douce |
dooss |
sweet, soft |
-il, -el, and -eil change to
-ille, -elle, and -eille |
naturel |
naht-ur-ell |
naturelle |
naht-ur-ell |
natural |
| -et changes to -ète |
inquiet |
ahn-kee-ay |
inquiète |
ahn-kee-ett |
worried |
Exceptions: |
muet |
moo-ay |
muette |
moo-ett |
silent |
|
coquet |
koh-kay |
coquette |
koh-kett |
stylish |
-en and -on change to
-enne and -onne |
Italien |
ee-tahl-ee-ahn |
Italienne |
ee-tahl-ee-enn |
Italian |
| -er changes to -ère |
cher |
share |
chère |
share |
dear, expensive |
| -f changes to -ve |
actif |
ac-teef |
active |
ac-teev |
active |
| -c changes to -che |
blanc |
blawn |
blanche |
blawnsh |
white |
Exceptions: |
public |
pooh-bleek |
publique |
pooh-bleek |
public |
|
grec |
grek |
grecque |
grek |
Greek |
| -g changes to -gue |
long |
lawn |
longue |
lawng |
long |
-eur changes to -euse if adjective
is derived from verb |
menteur |
mawn-tur |
menteuse |
mawn-tuhz |
liar |
-eur changes to -rice if adjective
is not same as verb |
créateur |
kray-ah-tur |
créatrice |
kray-ah-treess |
creator |
-eur changes to -eure with
adjectives of comparison |
inférieur |
ahn-fay-ree-uhr |
inférieure |
ahn-fay-ree-uhr |
inferior |
| And a few completely irregular ones: |
épais |
ay-peh |
épaisse |
ay-pehz |
thick |
| favori |
fah-voh-ree |
favorite |
fah-voh-reet |
favorite |
| frais |
freh |
fraîche |
frehsh |
fresh, cool |
|