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Learn Spanish __  Impersonal "a" , Preterite Tense , Irregular Preterite Tense

Impersonal "a"

When the object of a verb (except tener) is a definite person, it is preceded by a.  It isn't used if a number precedes the object though.  The pronouns alguien (somebody), alguno (someone), nadie (nobody), and ninguno (no one) require a as well, when used as the direct object.  It is also used before geographical names that are not already preceded by an article.

Veo a Juan.  I see John.
Veo a alguien.  I see somebody.
Describe a Chile.  Describe Chile.

Preterite Tense

The preterite tense expresses an action in the past.  It is used to describe events that are finished or complete.  It is formed by adding these endings to the infinitive stem.

-ar verbs -er and -ir verbs

-aste
-amos
-asteis
-aron

-iste
-ió
-imos
-iste
-eron

Viví en España dos años.  I lived in Spain for two years.
Ellos hablaron con los niños.  They spoke with the children.
Quién comió la fruta?  Who ate the fruit?

Irregular Preterite Tense

A few verbs are irregular in the preterite tense.  The following are the most common:

dar - to give decir - to say, tell estar - to be
di
diste
dió
dimos
disteis
dieron
dije
dijiste
dijo
dijimos
dijisteis
dijeron
estuve
estuviste
estuvo
estuvimos
estuvisteis
estuvieron
hacer - to do, make ir - to go / ser- to be poner - to put, place
hice
hiciste
hizo
hicimos
hicisteis
hicieron
fui
fuiste
fue
fuimos
fuisteis
fueron
puse
pusiste
puso
pusimos
pusisteis
pusieron
tener - to have traer - to bring venir - to come
tuve
tuviste
tuvo
tuvimos
tuvisteis
tuvieron
traje
trajiste
trajo
trajimos
trajisteis
trajeron
vine
viniste
vino
vinimos
vinisteis
vinieron
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